Lightweight materials for foreign cars
When the Boeing 747 landed at a speed of 240 kilometers per hour, each aircraft wheel was subjected to an impact force of 17 tons at the moment of landing. The forged alloy wheel was subjected to this impact. After several years of research, on the basis of absorbing space science and technology, trucks made of super lightweight materials are expected to achieve production. Recently, Volvo AB announced that Volvo Aero trucks will use lightweight technology of aircraft engines, and said that in the next 10 years, truck weight is expected to reduce by 20%. Karl Frederick Harton, technical manager of Volvo AB, said: “We have carried out tens of thousands of simulations in a computer environment. This lightweight model ensures the same performance as vehicle crash performance and load capacity. The weight of the vehicle is also greatly reduced." According to the European Aluminum Association's materials, every 100 kilograms of vehicle weight can save 0.6 liters of fuel per 100 kilometers. If the vehicle's vehicle weight is reduced by 10%, the fuel efficiency can be increased by 6%~8%; if the rolling resistance is reduced by 10%, the fuel efficiency can be increased by 3%; if the transmission efficiency of the vehicle axle, transmission and other devices is increased by 10%, the fuel efficiency can be Increase by 7%. Therefore, the lighter car body is beneficial to the vehicle's fuel economy, vehicle control stability, and collision safety. It is worth noting that unlike the lightweight trucks that domestic manufacturers are trying to solve in order to solve the toll-by-weight problem, the most important consideration for foreign commercial vehicle companies in the introduction of lightweight trucks is to reduce exhaust emissions and improve vehicle safety and stability. performance. For foreign automakers, reducing vehicle weight is an important means of reducing fuel consumption and enhancing vehicle safety. From the lightweight of the engine to the weight reduction of the body-related parts, Europe and the United States have already walked the road for more than 30 years. One of the important means is the aluminization of engine-related components and body-related components. For example, in the United States, Canada, Europe, South Africa and Australia, a large number of commercial vehicles are equipped with forged aluminum alloy wheels. Halton also said: "First, the company will start by reducing the thickness of the steel plate, after which it will try to use aluminum and carbon fiber materials." By using aluminum, metal alloys, metal composites, and other lightweight components, European automakers have improved vehicle fuel economy and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. In 2007, Mann introduced the FRP composite sheet molding compound (SMC) to the TG series heavy truck cab. Many of the cab materials of European heavy truck manufacturers such as Mann, Renault, Volvo, Mercedes-Benz, Iveco, and Duff have chosen SMC. The new materials have excellent mechanical properties (high strength, high hardness, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, etc.) and chemical properties (thermal shock resistance, oxidation resistance, creep, etc.), so that the safety and reliability of the vehicle can also be improved. Further improve. The foreign automakers are committed to the research and development of lightweight vehicle models. There is also an important reason that the government is constantly improving fuel economy standards and reducing CO2 emissions. The good performance of lightweight vehicles in terms of fuel economy allows companies to use lightweight vehicles as an important means to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction. Although the United States has not ratified the Kyoto Protocol, the federal or state governments have set standards for controlling greenhouse gas emissions. The Californian government passed the automobile exhaust emission standards in 2002. On May 19, 2009, Obama announced a new regulation on limiting greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption at the White House, requiring that the average new vehicle fuel economy (CAFE) reach 35.5 in 2016. Miles/gallon, which is a 42% increase over the 2007 level. According to the CO2 reduction plan submitted by the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) in 1998 to the European Commission, in addition to introducing model cars with CO2 emissions of 120g/km in 2000, it hopes to reach CO2 emissions of 165~170g/km in 2003. The standard (which is 9%~11% lower than that in 1995), reached the target of 140g/km in 2008, and finally reached the ultimate goal of CO2 emissions of 90g/km from 2015 to 2020. Recently, the EU environmental commissioner Stavros Dimas proposed a plan to refer to the European model for car emission standards. The European Commission considered limiting truck CO2 emissions, ie 175 grams per kilometer, from July 2013 to Emissions per kilometer fell to 135 grams in 2020. The EU's current implementation of commercial vehicle CO2 emissions per kilometer is 230 grams. Japanese automakers have always regarded the lightweighting of automobiles as an extremely important guideline for the overall design of automobiles. They have spared no effort in reducing the weight of automobiles. Therefore, over the long term, the lightweighting of Japanese automobiles has achieved outstanding results. Affected by ACEA's CO2 reduction plan, vehicles sold by Japan to Europe are also subject to control. Japanese cars exported to Europe will have to reduce their CO2 emissions to 140g/km this year, and 2010 will require the car's fuel efficiency to increase by 24%. 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