1 Introduction
With the rapid development of our country's economy and the continuous improvement of science and technology, people have higher requirements on the scenes created by light and the atmosphere of the environment. The lighting effects provided by traditional lighting design can no longer meet people's needs. Lighting control, as an important part of lighting design, is an indispensable part of the implementation of the green lighting project; for places with high light environment requirements, proper lighting control measures are particularly important. Therefore, the application of intelligent lighting control technology in the field of construction has become increasingly widespread.
2 lighting control method
Lighting control methods are mainly divided into two major categories, namely traditional control methods and intelligent control methods. The traditional lighting control method is mainly based on manual control. According to the different needs of users, the lighting of different areas is controlled to be on and off to meet the needs of people's lives and work. This control method is simple, effective, and intuitive. However, the degree of automation of its control function is low, wiring is complicated, and it is difficult to expand and maintain the system.
With the continuous improvement of the level and function of intelligent buildings, the way of lighting control has also been rapidly developed. Intelligent lighting control has the characteristics of digital distributed intelligent control, not only has a simple switch control, but also the light source dimming control. The system is mainly composed of clock components and optoelectronic components. The computer, remote sensing, telemetry, and remote control technologies are used as platforms. Field bus technology is used to automatically sense and change scenes according to the illuminance and light environment preferences required by the user's visual activity, and the space can be flexibly adjusted. illumination. The application of this control method makes the design and installation simpler, and the use and management are more flexible and convenient.
Types of
Differentiating traditional lighting control systems from intelligent lighting control systems
Working Principle The main power supply is divided into multi-circuit power distribution by the distribution box, providing power for the lighting, and manual control using panel switches. The controlled lamp in the system is directly connected to the driver of the control system.
All programmable panels, drivers, and power modules are connected to each other via the KNX bus cable.
When the smart panel is pressed, it sends a signal to the set driver via the KNX bus cable to control the corresponding lamp.
Each control mode is bound to a panel switch. If the user is not satisfied with the control of the original lighting, the maintenance of the circuit in the later period is inconvenient. Can only rewire. Single control mode Each circuit is independent, and no physical connection occurs with the smart panel. If the user is not satisfied with the existing control method, the user only needs to change the control mode through software means without rewiring and modification.
The control method is free and flexible and can be freely combined according to the needs.
Management mode 1. Only simple switch control can be achieved. 2. After the panel is powered by strong electricity, if the user has water to touch the panel, there is a potential safety hazard. 1. Weak electricity controls strong electricity, making use more secure.
2, can meet a variety of complex control modes, such as scene mode, sensor mode, timing mode, more comfortable and energy-saving.
Post-maintenance common lighting requires integrated wiring, requires professional installation, large quantities of engineering, long installation period, and high cost, configuration is not flexible, can not be used locally, maintenance is not convenient, can not diagnose faults in time; if encountered Lighting upgrades, but also to reopen the wall wiring, very troublesome. Intelligent lighting system wiring is relatively simple, just need to connect each module in series (note not ring wiring). The specific control function can be more flexible in configuration, and the post-maintenance is also convenient without rewiring. The software can promptly diagnose the point of failure and facilitate maintenance.
The one-time investment in energy-saving effect is small, but the annual operating cost is higher. It is inconvenient to maintain the line in the later period.
When there are many floors and the control range is large, the manpower required to switch lights every day is also more. One-time investment has increased compared with the traditional way, but the actual investment cost has been greatly reduced due to the reduction of operating costs.
The total control can be realized in the duty room, saving manpower.
3 Application of Intelligent Lighting Control System in Five Star Hotels
3.1 Project Introduction
The hotel is a five-star business hotel with a floor area of ​​50,000 m2, a basement level, 18 floors above ground, and a building height of 83.05m. The first floor is a functional room, including the equipment room, laundry room, gym, swimming pool, etc.; the first floor is the fire control room, monitoring center, boutiques, reception hall, breakfast/western dining room, kitchen, coffee shop, leisure music cafe, Management room; 2nd floor is room, kitchen, catering; 3rd floor is conference room, dining room, kitchen; 4th floor is weak electricity center, multi-function hall, office area and guest room; 5~17 floors are business room and guest room; 18 The floors are presidential and apartment-style rooms; the top floor is the elevator engine room and water tank room.
The lighting control requirements of the building are high. In addition to switch control, it also requires a large amount of dimming control. The control areas are relatively concentrated, mostly common parts of the building (such as the lobby, restaurants, leisure areas, aisles, etc.); requiring simple maintenance and management of the system.
Therefore, Acrel-bus intelligent lighting control system was adopted in the design of the project, and modern control, computer, network and communication technologies were applied to the control and management of lighting, which can satisfy the functional requirements and achieve flexible control. The purpose of energy conservation. Its good human-computer interaction function makes the scene change flexible and diverse, giving guests a comfortable and humane environment, making guests feel at home and improving the hotel's service and management grade.
3.2 Intelligent Lighting Control Design
In order to provide guests with a comfortable and convenient living environment, scene pre-setting and dimming functions are designed in large open rooms and public areas such as banquet halls, hallways, lobbies, restaurants, etc., and scene switching can be automatically performed according to a preset time. , and automatically adjust the illumination to a suitable level. With sunshine compensation function, natural light illumination is fully utilized in places with natural lighting near windows. Through the combination of timing control and light-sensing control, we can create different lighting environments and give people a comfortable visual enjoyment. At the same time, it can save energy, reduce operating costs and facilitate management. When a fire alarm occurs, emergency lighting can be automatically turned on in conjunction with the fire protection system. Through the timing control, light sensing control, motion sensing control and central control methods, the automatic control of lighting in unmanned areas can be achieved.
The lighting of the public walkway/elevator hall is controlled by a combination of timing and human induction. During the daytime, large or large portions of the lights are turned on during the period of heavy traffic. After midnight, most of the lights are turned off and the human body is activated. When someone is present, Turn on the lights in the corresponding area to achieve energy saving. In the public hall or elevator hall with natural light, light sensing function can also be used. When the natural light is bright, the human body sensing does not work, and instead, the human body sensing automatically starts to realize the function of turning on the light. At the same time, current detection can be performed on the lighting circuit of the public channel. When the lamps in the circuit fail, managers can be immediately notified to perform maintenance and improve management efficiency. During holidays or important events, the lighting of all public passages and elevator halls can be opened by a centrally controlled computer to set off the atmosphere of the show.
4 Ankerui Intelligent Lighting Control System
4.1 System Overview
4.1.1 System Architecture
☆Acrel-bus intelligent lighting control system, all devices are connected to each other through a unified communication medium (such as: twisted pair, power line or 868MHz wireless communication).
☆ In this system, all the equipment and how the whole system works are defined by the ETS tool software (Engineering Tool Software).
☆ In the system, except for the power module, all the bus devices have a unique physical address, and the physical address is generally determined according to the actual engineering topology.
☆ Switch, dimming and other control signals are transmitted in the form of messages between various devices on the bus.
4.2 The advantages of the system
The advantages of Acrel-Bus intelligent lighting control system are reflected in the following aspects:
1. The KNX bus standard adopted by the system is supported by a number of manufacturers. As long as the product complies with the KNX standard, interchangeability can be achieved, and seamless compatibility between different manufacturers' different products can be achieved for future maintenance.
2. The system structure is a distributed bus structure. Each intelligent module in the system can work independently without relying on other modules. The modules should be in a reciprocal relationship, so the system reliability is higher.
3, to achieve more common control, do not need to increase the number of connection lines, any point of control within the system, just through the device parameter settings to achieve.
4, can realize intelligent control on iPad, the control interface can choose language, can add pictures, control more convenient and more humane.
5, intelligent lighting control system can be self-contained, but also through the OPC system and BA system interconnection.
6. The system is easy to maintain. When replacing or upgrading components in the system, you do not need to shut down the entire system.
7, the system has a variety of control methods, for example, can achieve local intelligent panel control, body sensing control, light sensing control, timing control, scene preset control and centralized control.
8. The system can be linked with the fire protection system. When a fire alarm occurs, all loops can be forced by the system to facilitate evacuation.
9. The bus components and field control panel are operated under 30VDC safe low voltage.
10. Various control methods in the system can be flexibly used in combination to make management more convenient and humane.
4.3 System Functions
☆Manual control: Real-time control of lighting on/off, brightness, etc. can be achieved through smart panels and touch screens installed in various areas according to actual requirements.
☆ Automatic control: sensors with different functions (such as: illumination sensor and human body movement sensor) can automatically control the light according to the external environment.
☆ Scene Control: Different scenes can be set in advance to switch.
☆ Timing control: The system automatically completes the lighting control according to the preset running time to ensure the minimum energy consumption during abnormal working hours.
☆Central Control: Real-time monitoring and effective control of the entire lighting area for all controls. Make the control more convenient and faster, saving manpower power.
☆ System linkage: The lighting system can be linked with property management systems, building automation systems, security and fire protection systems.
5 Effect and Energy Saving Analysis of Intelligent Lighting Control System
5.1 Effect Analysis
5.1.1 considerable energy savings
The dimming module enables intelligent dimming of most lamps (including incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, low-voltage halogen lamps, neon lamps, etc.) to make full use of natural light, reducing power consumption, and reducing equipment operating time and maintenance costs. .
5.1.2 Creating a Good Atmosphere
The quality of the work environment is directly related to the level of work efficiency. Reasonable choice of light sources, lamps and excellent lighting control system design can improve lighting quality. The intelligent lighting control system comprehensively considers the human visual characteristics and comfort, and controls the different functional areas separately to create a comfortable, harmonious, relaxed and pleasant working environment. The intelligent control of lighting avoids too drastic changes, allowing people's vision and psychology to adapt quickly to changes in lighting, thereby improving work efficiency.
5.2 Energy Saving Analysis
With intelligent lighting control, the cost of one-time investment will greatly reduce the actual investment cost due to the reduction of operating costs and maintenance costs. Take the project as an example below to analyze the economics of the intelligent lighting control system from the aspect of energy saving.
The evaluation index of lighting energy saving is the lighting power density LPD, ie the lighting installation power per unit area (including light source, ballast or transformer). Therefore, when satisfying the requirements of lighting quality, light sources and lamps with high light efficiency should be preferred, and the lighting design should be carried out in strict accordance with the illumination standard values ​​of the Architectural Lighting Design Standard (GB 50034-2004) and the value of the lighting power density. In order to measure the energy-saving effect of intelligent lighting control, the actual lighting power density value of this project is compared with the value of the hotel building lighting power density in the “Architectural Lighting Design Standardâ€, as shown in Table 2.
6 Conclusion
The application of Acel-bus intelligent lighting control system based on KNX technology in five-star hotels not only improves the quality of architectural lighting environment, but also provides an effective way for energy conservation and environmental protection.
About the Author
Wang Changxing, female, undergraduate. Position: Current Position: Ankerui Electric Co., Ltd.
references:
[1] Chen Yihong. Application of ABB i-bus in Century Plaza [J]. Low Voltage Apparatus, 2003(4):23-26.
[2] Yang Jiasan. EIB field bus technology and I-BUS EIB system lighting control engineering design [J]. Light Sources and Lighting, 2004 (3): 11-14.
[3]Yi Bin,Mi Hongju,Zhao Ming.Research on Intelligent Digital Lighting Control System[J].Lamp and Lighting,2005(3):5-8.
[4] Ankerui Intelligent Lighting Monitoring System Selection Manual
Weather Resistant Steel Plate
Weathering steel, i.e. atmospheric corrosion-resistant steel(Corten Steel), is a series of low-alloy steel between ordinary steel and stainless steel. Weathering steel is made of ordinary carbon steel with a small amount of corrosion-resistant elements such as copper and nickel. It has the characteristics of toughness, plasticity, forming, welding and cutting, abrasion, high temperature and fatigue resistance of high-quality steel. The weathering resistance is 2-8 times of ordinary carbon steel and the coating performance is 1.5-10 times of ordinary carbon steel. At the same time, it has the characteristics of rust resistance, corrosion resistance, life extension, thinning and consumption reduction, labor saving and energy saving. Weathering steel is mainly used in railway, vehicle, bridge, tower, photovoltaic, high-speed engineering and other steel structures exposed to the atmosphere for a long time. It is used to manufacture containers, railway vehicles, oil derricks, seaport buildings, oil production platforms and containers containing hydrogen sulfide corrosive medium in chemical and petroleum equipme.
Weathering Steel/ Corton Steel is refers to the low alloy structural steel with corrosion protection layer, which can be used to manufacture steel structures such as vehicles, Bridges, towers and containers.
Compared with ordinary carbon steel, weathering steel has better corrosion resistance in atmosphere.
Compared with stainless steel, weathering steel only trace alloy elements, so the price is relatively low.
Weathering steel is mainly used in railway, vehicle, bridge, tower, photovoltaic, high-speed engineering and other long-term exposure to the atmosphere of steel structure, manufacturing containers, railway vehicles, oil derricks, harbor buildings, oil production platforms and containers containing hydrogen sulfide corrosive medium in chemical and petroleum equipment.
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