In 2014, the overall steel industry will still maintain its low profit status
Cobalt-based alloy powders are commonly used in plasma transfer arc welding (PTAW) due to their excellent high-temperature properties and resistance to wear and corrosion. These alloys are typically composed of cobalt as the base metal, with various alloying elements such as chromium, tungsten, nickel, and carbon added to enhance specific properties. Co Powder,Cobalt 6 Powder,Cobalt 12 Powder,Cobalt 21 Powder Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools Co., Ltd , https://www.hvofpowders.com
To implement the "Guiding Opinions on Resolving the Contradiction of Serious Overcapacity" and the "Responsibility Letter of Hebei Province on Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution", promote the adjustment of the steel industry structure and pollution control, and implement the provincial government to solve the excess production capacity of steel products for the second time "On Sunday action".
The data released by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology recently showed that in 2013, China’s crude steel production reached 779 million tons, an increase of 7.5% year-on-year, an increase of 4.4 percentage points from the same period of last year; steel production (including duplicates) was 1.07 billion tons, a year-on-year increase of 11.4%. Increased by 3.7 percentage points over the same period last year. China's crude steel output accounted for 48.5% of the world's total, an increase of 1.8 percentage points year-on-year.
In 2013, China's steel industry restructuring achieved many results. The quality of varieties continues to improve. In 2013, the average output of high-strength steel bars in some regions accounted for about 80% of the total output of hot-rolled ribbed bars. The target of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†was achieved two years ahead of schedule.
However, relevant experts also pointed out that the steel industry still faces problems such as overcapacity, environmental pressure, low profitability, and rising debt ratio. China has nearly 1 billion tons of steelmaking capacity, and the capacity utilization rate is only 72%, which is obviously lower than the normal level.
At the same time, homogenous competition is further spreading to high-end products. In 2013, the output of top 10 steel producer groups accounted for 39.4% of the country's total crude steel output, down 6.5 percentage points year-on-year. Concentration of the industry did not rise but dropped, which exacerbated market competition.
In addition, the vicious competition in the steel market deserves attention, and the price war of enterprises has intensified. The long-term implementation of the principle of non-payment and non-delivery by iron and steel enterprises has been difficult to maintain in some varieties.
Experts believe that in 2014, China's steel production demand will continue to grow, but the growth rate will decline; the growth rate of crude steel production will decline, the domestic steel market price will remain low, and the price of imported iron ore will be monopolized. Easy to rise and fall. The overall industry will still maintain its low profit status, and the production and operation situation remains grim.
When the elimination of outdated production capacity enters the second phase, only elimination can no longer be eliminated. The rest are all masters. Domestic steel production capacity surplus and elimination of outdated production capacity have been following suit. At the end of 2012, the actual integrated domestic steel production capacity was approximately 976 million tons. According to statistics, the output of crude steel was 731 million tons, and the capacity utilization rate was 74.9%.
The use of cobalt-based alloy powders in PTAW offers several advantages, including:
1. High-temperature strength: Cobalt-based alloys exhibit excellent strength and resistance to deformation at elevated temperatures, making them suitable for welding applications that involve high heat.
2. Wear resistance: These alloys have a high hardness and resistance to wear, making them ideal for welding applications where the welded parts are subjected to abrasive or erosive conditions.
3. Corrosion resistance: Cobalt-based alloys offer good resistance to corrosion, making them suitable for welding applications in aggressive environments, such as those involving chemicals or saltwater.
4. Thermal conductivity: Cobalt-based alloys have good thermal conductivity, allowing for efficient heat transfer during welding and reducing the risk of heat-affected zone (HAZ) defects.
5. Compatibility with other materials: Cobalt-based alloys can be easily welded to a wide range of base metals, including stainless steels, nickel alloys, and other cobalt-based alloys, providing versatility in welding applications.
To use cobalt-based alloy powders for PTAW, the powder is typically fed into the plasma arc using a powder feeder. The powder is then melted by the high-temperature plasma arc and deposited onto the workpiece, forming a weld bead. The specific welding parameters, such as arc current, travel speed, and powder feed rate, will depend on the specific alloy and application requirements.
It is important to note that the selection of the cobalt-based alloy powder should be based on the specific welding application and the desired properties of the final weld. Different cobalt-based a